The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (UTMD Anderson Cancer Center), founded in 1941, is one of the University of Texas system. It is a large specialized hospital integrating clinical diagnosis, comprehensive treatment and basic clinical medical research of tumor. It is the world's medical center specializing in cancer treatment, research, education and prevention, and it is also the world's largest cancer drug clinical trial base. It has 19,000 employees, receives more than 110,000 cancer patients every year, and trains 1,100 professional doctors. Currently, the center has 10 NTC outstanding specialist research projects, and launched the cancer moon landing program. The center promotes personalized treatment plans and is the first choice for overseas medical treatment. In the past ten years, it has been rated as the No. 1 cancer center in the United States. Jim Allison, a professor in the Department of Immunology and the executive director of the immunotherapy platform, won the Nobel Prize in 2018.

In 2003, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center joined the MD Anderson Cancer Center "sister hospital" network, the two sides deepened cooperation in the field of clinical treatment and scientific research.